CategoriesStyles and Movements
Bauhaus
German design school, open from 1919 to 1933, that joined art and craft workshops to modern industrial production.
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About
Every Bauhaus student began with the preliminary course, taught first by Johannes Itten and later by László Moholy-Nagy and Josef Albers, which stripped away habits through exercises in material, colour and form. Students then entered workshops for metal, wood, weaving, ceramics, printing or wall painting, led in the early years by both a craftsman and an artist such as Paul Klee or Wassily Kandinsky.
Walter Gropius founded the school in Weimar in 1919. It moved to Dessau in 1925, into a glass-walled building of his design, and to Berlin in 1932, closing under Nazi pressure in 1933. Its products defined modern design: Marianne Brandt's metal tea infuser (1924), Marcel Breuer's tubular steel chairs, Anni Albers's woven hangings, Herbert Bayer's lower-case typography and Oskar Schlemmer's geometric Triadic Ballet (1922). Look for primary colours, basic geometry and undisguised materials. Emigré teachers carried its methods to Chicago and Black Mountain College.
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